Foreign involvement in the Syrian Civil War

Presidents of Turkey and Russia Recep Tayyip Erdogan and Vladimir Putin have discussed the situation in Syria over the phone, Reuters and TASS reported.

Turkey's defense minister met with the U.S.' Syria envoy on July 22 to discuss recent developments in Syria and establishing a safe zone there, the Defense Ministry announced.       

Germany strongly condemned the Syrian regime and its allies on July 12 for their recent airstrikes in the country's northwest that have killed and injured dozens of civilians.

The Syrian regime forces on June 29 targeted an area located near a Turkish observation post in Idlib, northwestern Syria, according to the Ministry of National Defense.

Turkish and Russian defense ministers exchanged views on June 17 in a telephone call on measures needed to ensure peace, stability and a cease-fire in Syria.

Stopping attacks by the Syrian regime is the responsibility of Russia and Iran as guarantor states of peace, Turkey's foreign minister said on June 16, hours after an Assad regime attack on a Turkish observation post in northwestern Syria.       

A top U.N. adviser warned on June 6 of a humanitarian catastrophe in Idlib, northwestern Syria, where the Bashar al-Assad regime has been stepping up airstrikes.       

The only way out in Syria is through a political solution with unchanged borders of the war-torn country, a senior U.S. official has said. James Jeffrey, the U.S.

Turkey's president reiterated to his Russian counterpart on May 30 the need for an immediate cease-fire and a political solution in Idlib, northwestern Syria.       

Turkey on May 10 denied a German newspaper report claiming that Turkey will no longer buy the S-400 air defense systems from Russia.