Nobel

The Nobel Prize in medicine was awarded on Oct. 7 to Americans Victor Ambros and Gary Ruvkun for their discovery of microRNA, a fundamental principle governing how gene activity is regulated.

The Nobel Assembly said that their discovery is "proving to be fundamentally important for how organisms develop and function."

The Nobel Prize for physics has been awarded to scientists from Japan, Germany and Italy.

Syukuro Manabe and Klaus Hasselmann were cited for their work in "the physical modeling of Earth's climate, quantifying variability and reliably predicting global warming".

The new Nobel Peace Prize winner will become clear today.

Unlike the Nobel Prizes for Physics, Chemistry, Medicine and Literature, which are given annually in Stockholm, the Peace Prize is awarded in Oslo.