Demographic economics

Bulgaria is grappling with a serious demographic crisis, as the country's population has decreased by approximately 2.5 million people since the early 1990s. This decline is attributed to several factors, including low birth rates, an aging population, and significant emigration, particularly during the period from 2012 to 2019.

The population of Ukraine has decreased by eight million since Russia’s invasion in February 2022, leading to significant emigration and a drop in fertility rates, the United Nations reported on Tuesday (October 22).

Individuals with higher levels of education have longer life expectancies overall in the country, while life expectancy is shorter for those with lower levels of education, data from the Turkish Statistical Institute (TÜİK) showed.

The decline in births in recent decades is a fact. Nationally, we will find that they fell by 37% between 1979-1983 and 2014-19, and are expected to fall by a further 13% in the 2020-25 six-year period.

The digital labor card is evolving into a powerful weapon in the battle against undeclared overtime work, and consequently in favor of improving workers' incomes.

Istanbul recorded the highest domestic migration rate in Türkiye in 2023, with over 581,000 residents leaving the city, according to the report shared by the Turkish Statistical Institute (TÜİK).

Istanbul's migration rate, the highest in the city since 2019, reflects a growing trend of citizens seeking better housing and living conditions, experts say.

The share of the elderly population surpassed 10 percent for the first time in the country's history in 2023, with projections indicating it could reach 31.7 percent by 2075, according to data released by the country's statistical institution on July 30.

The National Statistical Institute (NSI) has released comprehensive data shedding light on Bulgaria's demographic dynamics in 2023, revealing both encouraging trends and persistent challenges in the nation's population structure.

Experts have warned about a potential cultural identity loss stemming from the surge in migration from rural to urban areas in the eastern Black Sea region, which is leaving villages increasingly deserted and aging.

Life expectancy and living standards increased in wealthy countries